What are the common faults of Lighting Protective Vents

Exposure to moisture, salt air, or harsh weather conditions can cause corrosion in metal components of LPVs, such as grounding wires, conductive strips, or frames. Corrosion increases electrical resistance, weakening the vent's ability to conduct lightning currents effectively. Over time, rust may degrade the structural integrity of the vent, leading to loose connections or even complete detachment, which renders the LPV ineffective during a lightning strike.

Vibrations from wind, building movement, or improper installation can cause electrical connections (e.g., between the LPV and grounding system) to loosen. Loose wires or terminals disrupt the continuous electrical pathway required for safe lightning dissipation, creating gaps that may arc or fail to conduct current. Physical damage from debris, vandalism, or construction activities can also sever connections or crack insulative parts, compromising the vent's grounding integrity.

Dust, leaves, bird nests, or ice accumulation can block the airflow passages of LPVs, reducing their ventilation efficiency. While not directly related to lightning protection, blocked vents may lead to excessive pressure buildup inside structures, indirectly affecting the vent's mechanical stability. In severe cases, obstructions can interfere with the physical movement of conductive components (e.g., movable parts in surge-responsive vents), preventing them from activating correctly during a strike.

Insulators in LPVs (e.g., rubber gaskets, plastic covers) may deteriorate over time due to UV radiation, heat, or chemical exposure. Cracked or brittle insulators can cause electrical leakage, allowing stray currents to flow into non-protected parts of the building. This increases the risk of side flashes or fires, as the LPV fails to isolate high-voltage surges from surrounding structures.

A poorly designed or eroded grounding system connected to LPVs can result in high electrical resistance. If the grounding electrode (e.g., ground rods, mesh) is corroded, too shallow, or insufficient in size, it cannot efficiently dissipate lightning energy into the earth. High resistance causes voltage backflow to the LPV, potentially damaging the vent itself or transferring dangerous surges to connected systems (e.g., wiring, equipment).

Some LPVs feature dynamic components (e.g., spring-loaded shutters, adjustable baffles) that respond to pressure or electrical surges. Wear and tear from frequent use or extreme weather can cause these parts to jam, rust, or break, leaving the vent stuck in an open or closed position. For example, a surge-activated shutter that fails to deploy cannot divert lightning currents, leaving the structure vulnerable.